Lubrication Selection Of Worm Gear Reducer

1. Working conditions of worm gear reducer

Worm gear reducer is one of the basic types of reducer. It has the characteristics of smooth transmission, low noise, small impact load, low vibration, large transmission ratio, compact structure, and large output torque.
Worm gear reducer has a high reduction ratio, often using steel-copper friction pairs, the meshing method is mainly sliding friction, the tooth surface temperature is easy to rise, and the operating environment temperature range is wide.

2. Lubrication requirements of worm gear reducer(worm gear box)

In view of the above working conditions, the worm gear reducer puts forward higher requirements for lubrication:
1) It is required to select lubricating oil of suitable viscosity grade. Generally, oils of ISO VG 320 viscosity grade can be selected for medium and small worm gear reducers, and ISO VG 460 or 680 viscosity grade oils can be selected for large worm gear reducers. In addition, for the start-up requirements of low-temperature environments, the viscosity grade can be appropriately reduced or low-temperature grease can be selected.
2) The lubricating oil is required to have high anti-wear, extreme pressure and anti-sliding wear characteristics, and provide sufficient oil film strength to meet the lubrication requirements of sliding friction.
3) The lubricating oil is required to have good copper corrosion resistance, and the selected additives have good compatibility with copper materials. The sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent applied to ordinary gears is usually very corrosive to copper materials, and is not suitable for the steel-copper friction pair of worm gear reducers.
4) The lubricating oil is required to have good high and low temperature properties. For the characteristics of worm gear reducer that the tooth surface temperature is easy to rise, the lubricating oil is required to have excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics and good thermal conductivity, which can effectively reduce the system temperature. For the use of the reducer in a low-temperature environment, the lubricating oil is required to have a low pour point and thus have good low-temperature fluidity, or choose a suitable low-temperature grease.
5) The lubricating oil is required to have good oxidation resistance and long life, meet the life-long lubrication requirements of small and medium-sized worm gear reducers, and meet the long oil change interval of large worm gear reducers.
6) In addition to the above requirements, lubricants are also required to have good anti-foaming, anti-emulsification, rubber compatibility and other characteristics.
Therefore, in view of the working conditions and lubrication requirements of the worm gear reducer, it is necessary to choose a special worm gear lubricant. However, general gear oils cannot meet the special requirements of anti-sliding friction characteristics of worm gear reducers, anti-wear properties of copper-steel friction pairs, and anti-corrosion properties of copper materials.

3. Lubrication selection of worm gear reducer

For small and medium worm gear reducers, low temperature rise, high efficiency and lifetime lubrication are usually required. On the one hand, PAG synthetic oils can be used as the base oil of lubricating oil. PAG base oil has the following characteristics:
①Under sliding friction, it has a very low friction coefficient, which can achieve the effect of energy saving and consumption reduction;
②The viscosity index is greater than 200, with excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics, and the oil film thickness is relatively stable at high and low temperatures;
③It has good thermal conductivity at high temperature, and is not easy to coke and form sludge, and has good cleanliness.
④It has an extremely long service life. On the other hand, it is also necessary to consider the additive formula of lubricating oil, select extreme pressure additives and oily agents suitable for the special requirements of steel-copper friction pairs and anti-sliding friction, and compatible with appropriate types of antioxidants, demulsibility, antifoaming agents, etc. .
For large worm gear reducers, PAG synthetic worm gear lubricants can also be selected to achieve the best application effect. However, in actual selection, out of economic considerations, most of the mineral worm gear lubricants are used. It should be noted that choosing mineral oil does not mean choosing ordinary mineral gear oil, but still choosing a special worm gear oil with a suitable formula to meet the special requirements of the worm gear reducer and extend the oil change interval of the reducer. Service life.
For worm gear reducers with special low temperature requirements, suitable low temperature grease can be selected. Among the lubricating oils suitable for worm gear reducer, the best low-temperature oil can usually be applied in the environment of -20~-30℃. However, for ambient temperatures of -30°C and lower, low-temperature greases can be selected specifically to achieve better low-temperature start-up and operation effects.
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